Scripture Readings - Exodus

Book of Exodus

The Book of Exodus is the second book of the Pentateuch, also known as the Torah or the Books of Moses. It recounts the deliverance of the people of Israel from slavery in Egypt and the establishment of the Covenant between God and Israel at Mount Sinai.

In the liturgical life of the Orthodox Church, Exodus is read by a reader during Holy Week. Portions of the book are also appointed to be read on the eves of certain feast days.

The book can be divided into two major sections:

1. The Deliverance of Israel from Egypt (Chapters 1–18)
   This section describes Israel’s bondage in Egypt, the calling of Moses as the leader of God’s people, the Ten Plagues, the Exodus from Egypt, and the journey toward Mount Sinai. It culminates in the destruction of Pharaoh’s army in the Red Sea, as God delivers Israel from its oppressors.
2. The Covenant at Mount Sinai (Chapters 19–40)
   At Mount Sinai, God establishes His Covenant with Israel and gives the people His commandments and laws. This section includes the Ten Commandments, instructions concerning worship, the Ark of the Covenant, and the construction of the Tabernacle, the dwelling place of God among His people.

At the center of the story stands Moses, whom God calls to lead Israel out of slavery. Moses serves as God’s instrument in the deliverance of His people, proclaims and interprets God’s saving work, and acts as the mediator of the Covenant between God and Israel.

The events of Exodus establish themes that are central throughout Scripture: deliverance from bondage, covenant with God, obedience to His commandments, and His presence dwelling among His people.